{"id":21062,"collection_id":4,"collection":"abudawud","collection_name":"Sunan Abi Dawud","book_number":"13","bab_id":33.0,"english_bab_number":"749","arabic_bab_number":"33","hadith_number":"2272","our_hadith_number":98,"arabic_urn":922750,"arabic_bab_name":"باب فِي وُجُوهِ النِّكَاحِ الَّتِي كَانَ يَتَنَاكَحُ بِهَا أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ","arabic_text":"حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَنْبَسَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، - رضى الله عنها - زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ النِّكَاحَ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْحَاءٍ فَنِكَاحٌ مِنْهَا نِكَاحُ النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ يَخْطُبُ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ وَلِيَّتَهُ فَيُصْدِقُهَا ثُمَّ يَنْكِحُهَا وَنِكَاحٌ آخَرُ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَقُولُ لاِمْرَأَتِهِ إِذَا طَهُرَتْ مِنْ طَمْثِهَا أَرْسِلِي إِلَى فُلاَنٍ فَاسْتَبْضِعِي مِنْهُ وَيَعْتَزِلُهَا زَوْجُهَا وَلاَ يَمَسُّهَا أَبَدًا حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي تَسْتَبْضِعُ مِنْهُ فَإِذَا تَبَيَّنَ حَمْلُهَا أَصَابَهَا زَوْجُهَا إِنْ أَحَبَّ وَإِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ رَغْبَةً فِي نَجَابَةِ الْوَلَدِ فَكَانَ هَذَا النِّكَاحُ يُسَمَّى نِكَاحَ الاِسْتِبْضَاعِ وَنِكَاحٌ آخَرُ يَجْتَمِعُ الرَّهْطُ دُونَ الْعَشَرَةِ فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ كُلُّهُمْ يُصِيبُهَا فَإِذَا حَمَلَتْ وَوَضَعَتْ وَمَرَّ لَيَالٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يَمْتَنِعَ حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعُوا عِنْدَهَا فَتَقُولُ لَهُمْ قَدْ عَرَفْتُمُ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ وَقَدْ وَلَدْتُ وَهُوَ ابْنُكَ يَا فُلاَنُ فَتُسَمِّي مَنْ أَحَبَّتْ مِنْهُمْ بِاسْمِهِ فَيُلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَدُهَا وَنِكَاحٌ رَابِعٌ يَجْتَمِعُ النَّاسُ الْكَثِيرُ فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ لاَ تَمْتَنِعُ مِمَّنْ جَاءَهَا وَهُنَّ الْبَغَايَا كُنَّ يَنْصِبْنَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِهِنَّ رَايَاتٍ يَكُنَّ عَلَمًا لِمَنْ أَرَادَهُنَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِنَّ فَإِذَا حَمَلَتْ فَوَضَعَتْ حَمْلَهَا جُمِعُوا لَهَا وَدَعَوْا لَهُمُ الْقَافَةَ ثُمَّ أَلْحَقُوا وَلَدَهَا بِالَّذِي يَرَوْنَ فَالْتَاطَهُ وَدُعِيَ ابْنَهُ لاَ يَمْتَنِعُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدًا صلى الله عليه وسلم هَدَمَ نِكَاحَ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كُلَّهُ إِلاَّ نِكَاحَ أَهْلِ الإِسْلاَمِ الْيَوْمَ ‏.‏","arabic_transliteration":"haddathanaa 'ahmadu bnu saalihin، haddathanaa 'anbasahu bnu khaalidin، haddathaniy yuwnusu bnu yaziyda، qaala qaala muhammadu bnu muslimi bni shihaabin 'akhbaraniy 'urwahu bnu alzzubayri، 'anna 'aa'ishaha، - rdy allh 'nha - zawja alnnabiyyi sly allh 'lyh wslm 'akhbarathu 'anna alnnikaaha kaana fiy aljaahiliyyahi 'alay 'arba'ahi 'anhaa'in fanikaahun minhaa nikaahu alnnaasi alyawma yakhtubu alrrajulu 'ilay alrrajuli waliyyatahu fayusdiquhaa thumma yankihuhaa wanikaahun 'aakharu kaana alrrajulu yaquwlu laimra'atihi 'idhaa tahurat min tamthihaa 'arsiliy 'ilay fulaanin faastabdi'iy minhu waya'taziluhaa zawjuhaa walaa yamassuhaa 'abadana hattay yatabayyana hamluhaa min dhalika alrrajuli alladhiy tastabdi'u minhu fa'idhaa tabayyana hamluhaa 'asaabahaa zawjuhaa 'in 'ahabba wa'innamaa yaf'alu dhalika raghbahan fiy najaabahi alwaladi fakaana hadhaa alnnikaahu yusammay nikaaha alaistibdaa'i wanikaahun 'aakharu yajtami'u alrrahtu duwna al'asharahi fayadkhuluwna 'alay almar'ahi kulluhum yusiybuhaa fa'idhaa hamalat wawada'at wamarra layaalin ba'da 'an tada'a hamlahaa 'arsalat 'ilayhim falam yastati' rajulun minhum 'an yamtani'a hattay yajtami'uwa 'indahaa fataquwlu lahum qad 'araftumu alladhiy kaana min 'amrikum waqad waladtu wahuwa abnuka yaa fulaanu fatusammiy man 'ahabbat minhum biasmihi fayulhaqu bihi waladuhaa wanikaahun raabi'un yajtami'u alnnaasu alkathiyru fayadkhuluwna 'alay almar'ahi laa tamtani'u mimman jaa'ahaa wahunna albaghaayaa kunna yansibna 'alay 'abwaabihinna raayaatin yakunna 'alamana liman 'araadahunna dakhala 'alayhinna fa'idhaa hamalat fawada'at hamlahaa jumi'uwa lahaa wada'awa lahumu alqaafaha thumma 'alhaquwa waladahaa bialladhiy yarawna faaltaatahu wadu'iya abnahu laa yamtani'u min dhalika falammaa ba'atha alllahu muhammadana sly allh 'lyh wslm hadama nikaaha 'ahli aljaahiliyyahi kullahu 'ilaaa nikaaha 'ahli al'islaami alyawma ‏.‏","arabic_grade":"صحيح","english_urn":822650,"english_bab_name":"Regarding The Types Of Marriages That Were Practiced Before Islam","english_text":"A’ishah wife of the Prophet (saws) said “Marriage in pre Islamic times was of four kinds.” One of them was the marriage contracted by the people today. A man asked another man to marry his relative (sister or daughter) to him. He fixed the dower and married her to him. Another kind of marriage was that a man asked his wife when she became pure from menstruation to send fro so and so and have sexual intercourse with him. Her husband kept himself aloof and did not have intercourse with her till It became apparent that she was pregnant from the man who had intercourse with her. When it was manifest that she was pregnant, her husband approached her if he liked. This marriage was called istibda’(to utilize man for intercourse for a noble birth). A third kind of marriage was that a group of people less than ten in number entered upon a woman and had intercourse with her. When she conceived gave birth to a child and a number of days passed after her delivery, she sent for them. No one of them could refuse to attend and they gathered before her. She said to them “You have realized your affair. I have now given birth to a child. And this is your son.  O so and so. She called the name of anyone of them she liked and the child was attributed to him. A fourth kind of marriage was that many people gathered together and entered upon a woman who did not prevent anyone who came to her. They were prostitutes. They hoisted flags at their doors which served as a sign for the one who intended to enter upon them. When she became pregnant and delivered the child , they got together before her and called for the experts of tracing relationship from physical features. They attributed the child to whom they considered and it was given to him. The child was called his son and he could not deny. When Allah sent Muhammad (saws) as a Prophet, he abolished all kinds of marriages prevalent among the people of the pre Islamic times except of the Muslims practiced today.","english_grade":"Sahih","last_updated":null,"xrefs":""}